Self-Approbation in Undergraduates of Pure Sciences: Analysis of Physical and Technological Environment of E-Learning During COVID-19
Abstract
E-learning during COVID-19 on Self-approbation of learners of Pure
Sciences at undergraduate level in universities of Islamabad. The study objectives were to; explore the opinion of learners of Pure Sciences regarding their experience of the physical and technological environment of E-learning at the undergraduate level in Islamabad; analyze the level of self-approbation in the physical and technological environment during E-learning in undergraduate learners of Pure Sciences in Islamabad. A research design of quantitative survey was adopted to carry out the research. The population of the study included undergraduates from Engineering, Medical Studies, and Computer Science Departments from 23 universities of Islamabad. Snowball sampling technique was used and a sample of 274 science learners from different universities of Islamabad filled in the online Google form. Descriptive analysis was carried out to study the responses of the participants of the study. Percentage, frequency,
means, and variance were calculated to compile the results of the
investigation. The result of the study showed that the undergraduates of Pure Sciences showed a satisfactory level of self-approbation in all the subscales of physical and technological environment of E-learning except for Self-Approbation and Social Influence. In light of the conclusion of this research, it was recommended that the existing content and structure of E-learning can be improvised to complement the outcomes of the program by ensuring that the instructors of the E-learning sessions, involve the science learners and encourage them to participate by valuing their effort.
References
Adnan, M., Yousaf, Z., & Gilani, A. H. (2019). E-learning with digital
media and human development: The way forward for
Pakistan. Journal of Educational Research, 22(2), 137-152.
Ananga, P. (2020). Pedagogical Considerations of E-Learning in
Education for Development in the Face of COVID-19. International
Journal of Technology in Education and Science, 4(4), 310-321.
Aristovnik, A., Keržič, D., Ravšelj, D., Tomaževič, N., & Umek, L.
(2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher
education students: A global perspective. Sustainability, 12(20), 1-34.
Attardi, S. M., & Rogers, K. A. (2015). Design and implementation of an online systemic human anatomy course with laboratory. Anatomical
Sciences Education, 8(1), 53-62.
Bali, S., & Liu, M. C. (2018). Students’ perceptions toward online learning and face-to-face learning courses. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1108(1), 012094. IOP Publishing.
Bawaneh, A. K. (2021). The satisfaction level of undergraduate science students towards using e-learning and virtual classes in exceptional condition covid-19 crisis. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(1), 52-65.
Blissitt, A. M. (2016). Blended learning versus traditional lecture in
introductory nursing pathophysiology courses. Journal of Nursing
Education, 55(4), 227-230.
Brazendale, K., Beets, M. W., Weaver, R. G., Pate, R. R., TurnerMcGrievy, G. M., Kaczynski, A. T., ... & Von Hippel, P. T. (2017).
Understanding differences between summer vs. school obesogenic
behaviors of children: The structured days hypothesis. International
Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 1-14.
Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020).
The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college
students in China. Psychiatry research, 287, 112934.
Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz,
M., Burton, R., & Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries' higher
education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied
Learning & Teaching, 3(1), 1-20.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of
tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
Elkaseh, A. M., Wong, K. W., & Fung, C. C. (2016). Perceived ease of
use and perceived usefulness of social media for e-learning in Libyan
higher education: A structural equation modeling
analysis. International Journal of Information and Education
Technology, 6(3), 192-199.
Farooq, F., Rathore, F. A., & Mansoor, S. N. (2020). Challenges of online medical education in Pakistan during COVID-19 pandemic. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 30(6), 67-9.
Felix, A. (2020). Awareness of students towards e-learning in
education. Purakala Journal, 31(15), 620-626.
Government of Pakistan, (2020). Coronavirus in Pakistan. Retrieved
from: http://covid.gov.pk/.
Gul, R., & Khilji, G. (2021). Exploring the need for a responsive school
curriculum to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Prospects, 51(1), 503-522.
Higher Education Commission, (2017-2018). Universities statistics:
University wise enrolment of year. Retrieved From:
https://www.hec.gov.pk/english/services/students/PCD/Pages/HESInformation.aspx
Ke, F., & Kwak, D. (2013). Constructs of student-centered online learning on learning satisfaction of a diverse online student body: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 48(1), 97-122.
Keengwe, J., Diteeyont, W., & Lawson-Body, A. (2012). Student and
instructor satisfaction with e-learning tools in online learning
environments. International Journal of Information and
Communication Technology Education (IJICTE), 8(1), 76-86.
Kourkoulos, M., & Tzanakis, C. (2010). History, and students’ understanding of variance in statistics. BSHM Bulletin, 25(3), 168-178.
Kouser, S., Kausar, S., & Ghani, M. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown: current situation and challenges facing in Pakistan during
lockdown. Biomedica, 36, 138-144.
Kuo, Y. C., Walker, A. E., Belland, B. R., & Schroder, K. E. (2013). A
predictive study of student satisfaction in online education
programs. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed
Learning, 14(1), 16-39.
Mahajan, M. V. (2020). A study of students’ perception about elearning. Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, 5(4),
-507.
Malik, F., Ajmal, F., & Jumani, Z. (2020). The Effects of COVID-19 on
Education in Pakistan: Students’ Perspective. International Journal of
Distance Education and E-Learning, 6(1), 217-234.
Muthuprasad, T., Aiswarya, S., Aditya, K. S., & Jha, G. K. (2021).
Students’ perception and preference for online education in India
during COVID-19 pandemic. Social Sciences & Humanities
Open, 3(1), 100101.
Naik, P., Madolli, S., Melagiri, L., Davanageri, P., Hiremath, S., &
SKSVMACET, L. (2017). E-Learning based on cloud
computing. International Journal of Engineering Science, 11756.
Retrieved on 16 June 2020 from https://www.semanticscholar.org/
paper/E-Learning-Based-on-Cloud-Computing-Naik-Madolli/
f8e5107eded94a02716972691c935bbbc4bd
Nassoura, A. B. (2020). Measuring students’ perceptions of online
learning in higher education. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res, 9, 1965-1970.
Noreen, N., Dil, S., Niazi, S., Naveed, I., Khan, N., Khan, F., & Kumar,
D. (2020). COVID 19 pandemic & Pakistan; limitations and
gaps. Global Biosecurity, 2(1). DOI: http://doi.org/10.31646/gbio.63
Owusu-Fordjour, C., Koomson, C. K., & Hanson, D. (2020). The impact
of covid-19 on learning-the perspective of the Ghanaian
student. European Journal of Education Studies, 7(3), 88-101.
Pérez-Pérez, M., Serrano-Bedia, A. M., & García-Piqueres, G. (2020). An analysis of factors affecting students perceptions of learning outcomes with Moodle. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 44(8), 1114-1129.
Puljak, L., Čivljak, M., Haramina, A., Mališa, S., Čavić, D., Klinec, D., ... & Ivanišević, K. (2020). Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate
university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete
switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey. BMC
medical education, 20(1), 1-11.
Rajput, N. H., Noonari, N., Bukhari, S. M. A., Dehraj, M. A., & Rajput, J. A. (2020). Exploring the impacts of covid-19 pandemic on education
divide in Pakistan. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
International, 32(33), 32-39.
Salloum, S. A. S., & Shaalan, K. (2018). Investigating students'
acceptance of E-learning system in Higher Educational Environments
in the UAE: Applying the Extended Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM). [Masters of Philosophy dissertation]; The British University
in Dubai.
Sapkota, A. (2020). Blending online digital tools in low resourced
classrooms in Nepal. Journal of NELTA Gandaki, 3(1-2), 45-56.
Sathish, M. T., Sornaganesh, V., Sudha, G., & Chellama, A. V. (2020). A study on shift of traditional classroom methods to online teaching
methods in higher education scenario during lockdown. International
Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(7), 86-100.
Shrestha, E., Mehta, R. S., Mandal, G., Chaudhary, K., & Pradhan, N. (2019).
Perception of the learning environment among the students in a nursing college in Eastern Nepal. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1-7.
Simpson, J. M. (2012). Student perceptions of quality and satisfaction in online education. [Doctoral dissertation]; University of Alabama
Libraries, USA.
Singh, S., & Hussain, S. Z. (2021). Mechanising e-learning for equipping start-up entrepreneurs. Materials Today: Proceedings, 37(2), 2467-2469.
Soni, V. D. (2020). Global impact of e-learning during COVID
Available at SSRN 3630073.
Sritharan, T. (2018). Evaluation of usage and user satisfaction on
electronic information resources and services: A study at postgraduate
institute of medicine library, university of Colombo. Journal of the
University Librarians Association of Srilanka, 21(2), 73-88.
Stukalina, Y. (2014). Identifying predictors of student satisfaction and
student motivation in the framework of assuring quality in the delivery
of higher education. Business, Management and Education, 12(1),
-137.
Su, C. Y., & Guo, Y. (2021). Factors impacting university students' online learning experiences during the COVID‐19 epidemic. Journal of
Computer Assisted Learning, 37(6), 1578-1590.
Thamarana, S. (2016). Role of E-learning and Virtual Learning
Environment in English language learning. In proceeding 4th annual
international conference Teaching English Language and Literature:
Innovative Methods and Practices, ELTAI Tirupati, 61-62.
Umer, R., Susnjak, T., Mathrani, A., & Suriadi, L. (2021). Current stance on predictive analytics in higher education: Opportunities, challenges and future directions. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-26. DOI:10.1080/10494820.2021.1933542
WHO (2020). COVID‑19 strategy update 2020. World Health
Organization. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/covid-strategy-update-14april2020.pdf?sfvrsn=
da3ba0_6
World Health Organization. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19): situation report, 82.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Maintained By: Hatib Shabbir, Directorate Of ICT, AIOU